The Middle Ages, or medieval period, in Europe lasted from approximately the fifth to the fifteenth centuries. The dating cannot, of course, be exact and there were enormous changes (in language, dress, society and literature, for instance) within this vast period.
The Social Structure of Medieval Society
Literature is influenced by the society in which it is created. As the author is a part of her/his society, s/he is not only affected by it but can also have an effect within it. As a result, literature can shed light on the society within which it was produced, while learning more about the conditions in which a text was written can improve one’s understanding of it.
The feudal system was the predominant social structure of the Middle Ages. The diagram below is taken from http://www.webquests.es/feudal.html
Follow the above link for more on the medieval feudal system.
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